UU No. 40 Tahun 2007
Undang-Undang (UU) / Statute Act
Corporate & Investment
Law No. 40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies (Indonesian Company Law)
Undang-Undang No. 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas (UU PT)
Comparison Language Choice:
English
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Bahasa Indonesia (Naskah Asli)
Ringkasan Eksekutif & Asas Pokok:
Undang-undang pokok perseroan terbatas di Indonesia. Mengatur struktur modal, organ perseroan (RUPS, Direksi, Dewan Komisaris), tanggung jawab fidusia direksi, merger dan akuisisi, serta tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan (CSR).
tentang Perseroan Terbatas () mengatur kerangka hukum pendirian, operasional, dan pembubaran perseroan terbatas di Indonesia.
Ketentuan Pokok Tata Kelola Perusahaan:
1. **Organ Perseroan:** RUPS (pemegang kekuasaan tertinggi), Direksi (pengurus operasional dan wakil hukum perseroan), Dewan Komisaris (pengawas dan pemberi nasihat).
2. **Tanggung Jawab Direksi (Fiduciary Duty):** Setiap anggota Direksi bertanggung jawab penuh secara pribadi atas kerugian perseroan apabila yang bersangkutan bersalah atau lalai menjalankan tugasnya ().
3. **Pemisahan Kekayaan & Tanggung Jawab Terbatas:** Pemegang saham perseroan tidak bertanggung jawab secara pribadi atas perikatan yang dibuat atas nama perseroan melebihi nilai saham yang dimiliki, kecuali terjadi percampuran harta atau pelanggaran syarat badan hukum (Piercing the Corporate Veil / ).
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English Translation & Analysis
Executive Summary & Legal Significance:
Primary corporate legislation governing limited liability entities in Indonesia. Details capitalization structures, corporate organs (GMS, Board of Directors, Board of Commissioners), fiduciary duty of directors, M&A procedures, and CSR duties.
Law No. 40/2007 on Limited Liability Companies establishes the statutory rules for incorporating, operating, and dissolving corporate entities in Indonesia.
Core Governance Framework:
1. **Corporate Organs:** General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS - supreme authority), Board of Directors (management and legal representation), Board of Commissioners (supervision and advisory oversight).
2. **Fiduciary Duty of Directors:** Each Director is personally liable for company losses if caused by fault or negligence in exercising management duties ().
3. **Limited Liability & Corporate Veil:** Shareholders are not personally liable for corporate obligations exceeding their share value, except where corporate veil piercing conditions apply ().
Parallel Article-by-Article Comparison
Statutory provisions aligned side-by-side for legal certainty
Limited Liability of Shareholders
🇮🇩 Bahasa Indonesia
(1) Pemegang saham Perseroan tidak bertanggung jawab secara pribadi atas perikatan yang dibuat atas nama Perseroan dan tidak bertanggung jawab atas kerugian Perseroan melebihi saham yang dimiliki.
(2) Ketentuan ayat (1) tidak berlaku apabila persyaratan Perseroan sebagai badan hukum belum terpenuhi, pemegang saham memanfaatkan Perseroan untuk kepentingan pribadi, atau terjadi percampuran harta pribadi dan harta Perseroan.
🇬🇧 English
(1) Shareholders of the Company are not personally liable for agreements entered into in the name of the Company and are not liable for Company losses exceeding their shareholding.
(2) The provisions of paragraph (1) do not apply if legal entity prerequisites are unmet, shareholders exploit the Company for unlawful personal gain, or personal and corporate assets are commingled.
Fiduciary Duty and Personal Liability of Directors
🇮🇩 Bahasa Indonesia
(1) Direksi bertanggung jawab atas pengurusan Perseroan.
(2) Pengurusan wajib dilakukan oleh setiap anggota Direksi dengan itikad baik dan penuh tanggung jawab.
(3) Setiap anggota Direksi bertanggung jawab penuh secara pribadi atas kerugian Perseroan apabila yang bersangkutan bersalah atau lalai menjalankan tugasnya.
🇬🇧 English
(1) The Board of Directors is responsible for managing the Company.
(2) Management must be performed by each Director in good faith and with full responsibility.
(3) Each Director is fully personally liable for Company losses if he/she is at fault or negligent in carrying out duties.